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Bill Whitehouse, vice chairman of the British Cave Rescue Council, said the UK divers described the journey to the chamber as a “gnarly dive”.
“The description in (the) email was it was ‘a bit of a gnarly dive’, which means there was a bit of complications and problems,” he told BBC Breakfast.
“(There was) quite a strong current, so they were having to swim against the current and pull themselves along the wall. The visibility in the water wouldn’t have been very good.”
Two volunteer British cave divers, Richard Stanton and John Volanthen, are believed to be the first to locate the boys and their coach.
Chiang Rai, Thailand (CNN) The initial relief that greeted the dramatic discovery of the trapped Thai soccer team has given way to concern, as rescuers begin the difficult task of attempting to free the 12 boys and their coach from deep inside the flooded cave network.
Video shared by the Thai Navy SEALs shows the boys, who were found alive by British divers in the early hours of Monday evening, huddled together on a small patch of dry ground, surrounded by water in a cramped, pitch-black chamber.
"It is estimated that the boys are around two kilometers (1.2 miles) into the cave and somewhere between 800 meters to one kilometer (0.6 miles) below the surface," said Bill Whitehouse, vice chairman, British Cave Rescue Council, whose organization has helped spearhead the search of the Tham Luang Nang Non cave system in northern Thailand.
But as the search operation enters into the next phase, options for rescuers appear limited. The area in which the group remains stranded is only accessible via a narrow, flooded channel, and attempts to pump water from the cave, or find a natural opening in the roof of the chamber, have so far proved unsuccessful.
How long can they wait?
Capt. Akanand Surawan, a commander with the Royal Thai Navy, said authorities would now supply the group with four months' worth of food and begin teaching the boys how to scuba dive.
Surawan's reference to four months has been interpreted as a potential sign that authorities are considering waiting until after the rainy season ends in October to begin the rescue operation.
But with heavy rain expected to continue in the coming days, rising water levels could force rescuers to act sooner rather than later.
"We believe that there is only a short break in the monsoon and all feasible options for the rescue of the boys are being considered," Whitehouse said in a statement.
Rescue workers work on the water pumping machine at the entrance of the Tham Luang Nang Non cave network.
"Although water levels have dropped, the diving conditions remain difficult and any attempt to dive the boys and their coach out will not be taken lightly because there are significant technical challenges and risks to consider," said Whitehouse.
Diving is considered among the least preferable escape methods, with experts cautioning that any attempt to traverse the narrow passageways will be fraught with difficulties and potential complications, especially if the children can't swim.
Scuba tanks are delivered to the site to aid rescue efforts.
"Worst case scenario is they have to dive them out," said Pat Moret, a rescue consultant told CNN on Monday.
"It won't be anything like diving that most people recognize. It will be diving in what is effectively muddy water, possibly fast flowing, with no sense of direction," Moret said. "You can't tell what's up, down, sideways."
The emotional toil of any rescue attempt would also need to be considered said Paul Auerbach, Professor of Emergency Medicine at Stanford University.
"This is going to be a complicated rescue. It's manageable, but they have to be sure that these kids are physically capable of it and emotionally capable of it as well," said Auerbach.
"They'll be assessed for hydration status, adequate fuel supply, adequate food so that their glucose level is adequate, and then no doubt they'll do practice dives," he added.
Families have been holding vigils outside the entrance of the cave since the boys went missing.
Battling the rains
The boys, who are between ages 11 and 16 and are members of the Wild Boars soccer team, had been exploring the cave network with their soccer coach on June 23, when heavy seasonal rains flooded the cave's entrance, forcing the group further and further into the labyrinth of tunnels in search of high ground.
Their sudden disappearance sparked a desperate nine-day race against time as hundreds of volunteers and specialist international search teams battled against the heavy rains to locate the missing group.
On Monday, Narongsak Osottanakorn, governor of Chiang Rai, the region where the caves are located, told reporters that the mission is "not done yet" and medical experts need to enter the cave to assess the boys before any further action is taken.
"We will drain all water out from the cave then we will take all 13 people out of the cave. We are now planning how to send (a) nurse and doctor inside the cave to check their health and movement. We will work all night," he said.
Surawan, a commander with the Royal Thai Navy, said additional divers will accompany the doctor and nurse. Rescuers will also pump air into the cave to improve conditions.
Rescue teams have been trying to drain the underground tunnels for several days, and at one point were removing an estimated 1.6 million liters of water an hour. However, continuous rains have frustrated attempts to clear the passageways, with the water remaining at a steady level.
Family members of the stranded children and their coach gather at Khun Nam Nang Non Forest Park to hear updated news on the rescuse efforts, Tuesday morning.
A final rescue option could see the boys lifted through the roof of the cave chamber to safety, either through a natural opening or a drilled entry point.
During an attempted rescue mission last week, trekkers found a hidden opening deep in the jungle, giving them another way to enter the cave system. The natural chimney was least 1.5 meters in diameter and at least 22 meters (72 feet) deep.
Though the opening did not connect to the area where the boys were discovered, now that the exact location is known, rescue efforts can focus on finding other, potentially hidden openings.
Local volunteers join members of the Thai SEAL team at the entrance to the cave network.
"Back here in the UK, there is an assessment of electronic equipment that may be suitable to pin-point the underground location of the boys and coach with a greater degree of accuracy than the published surveys," said Whitehouse.
"They (the group) are also located in a relatively small space and this would make any potential drilling attempt as a means of rescue very difficult," added Whitehouse.
"The necessary equipment will be sent to Thailand if electronic experts agree on the feasibility that it will operate over such depths."
Monsoon rains are pouring on to the jungle where rescuers are desperately trying to save 12 boys trapped in flooded caves in northern Thailand.
The boys - a football team of children aged between 11 and 15 - and their coach have been trapped in the Tham Luang Nang Non cave complex in Chiang Rai province for 10 days.
Workers have been pumping water out, racing against the clock and hoping to make the conditions inside the cave safer for the boys and for expert divers to make their way towards them.
Image: Divers are searching the cave complex
Rescue divers say they are making progress, having reached a bend where a half-mile passageway splits in two directions.
They are aiming for a chamber on higher ground, called Pattaya Beach, where they hope the boys and the 25-year-old coach have taken refuge.
But the search has been hampered by rising water that has flooded some areas of the cave complex, and rescuers are now battling more heavy rain.
Sky's Lisa Holland, who is at the cave entrance, said: "The heavens have absolutely opened here.
"Anyone who's ever spent any time in Asia will know that during the monsoon season here, there is something quite extraordinary about monsoon rains. They are fierce. It is literally as if the rain is jumping off the road."
Image: Rescuers carry equipment in to help the rescue mission
She went on: "Rain is absolutely the last thing that the rescue workers need.
"Remember, those 12 missing schoolboys and their coach are believed to be trapped underground in flooded caves, so they want the water levels to go down.
"They are frantically trying to pump water out of the caves but at the same time fighting the elements... massive downpours of rain."
Authorities are unsure whether the boys are still alive but their families are camped at the cave entrance, praying for good news and for their safe return.
Holland added: "There have been no signs of life for 10 days now and of course, that's devastating for the families who are gathered here at the site of the entrance to the cave, because they know that with every day that passes the chances of those boys coming out alive will diminish."
Medical teams have been practising drills to treat survivors and airlift them from a makeshift helipad.
Australian police and military have joined other international teams in the rescue mission.
12 boys and their soccer coach were found after disappearing in a flooded cave for nine days in Northern Thailand.
THE Australian rescue mission to save the 12 boys and their soccer coach who are trapped in Thailand is proving difficult as police divers battle low visibility and tight areas within the cave system.
Detective Superintendent Thomas Hester said the team of six divers from the Australian Federal Police faced “incredibly challenging” conditions.
The 12 boys and their soccer coach were found alive deep inside the flooded cave in northern Thailand early this morning. They had been missing for nearly 10 days
The priority now was getting food to the trapped boys and evacuating them safely from the cave, Detective Superintendent Hester said.
There was no indication of how long the rescue mission would take, but the AFP are looking at a “longer-term option”, he said.
“Our Specialist Response Group dive team have been diving shortly after arrival (in Chiang Rai) and one of the difficulties they face is a very flooded cave system, it’s very difficult to see and move through that system.
“There are a lot of small, tight areas where larger size people, especially with equipment, may have trouble moving through.”
Detective Superintendent Hester said it would be extremely difficult for the divers to bring the boys back with them.
“The ability to try to pull the boys through those areas with any diving equipment is incredibly challenging,” he said.
From an engineering perspective, the Thai authorities have been looking at whether or not they can drill down from the surface into the chamber, Detective Superintendent Hester said.
RELATED: Aussies join search for missing boys
BOYS ‘LIKELY TO BE TRAPPED FOR MONTHS’
Earlier, an Australian cave diving expert warned that the boys and their soccer coach are likely to be stuck there for months.
Experts in cave rescues from around the world have gathered at the site. A US military team, British cave experts, Chinese lifesaving responders and several other volunteer groups from various countries are also at the rescue operation.
Peter Wolf, the national director of the Cave Divers Association of Australia, told The Guardian that the rescue would take a long time as the boys don’t know how to swim.
According to Mr Wolf, the safest option is to “stabilise their environment” and ensure their needs for survival, such as having enough clean water, food and air, are met.
He said the quality of the air was definitely another concern, but said rescuers could open scuba tanks in the cave to make sure they have enough oxygen.
“It will create air pressure and the carbon dioxide will filter out through the rock,” he said.
Mr Wolf said the rescue was incredibly difficult but fortunately some of the world’s best cave divers are assisting with the mission.
“It takes a lot of training and experience to be comfortable in that environment. It’s pitch black, except for the lights you bring yourself.”
Foreign Affairs Minister Julie Bishop welcomed the news that the boys had been found, praising the “small but important role” Australia had played in assisting the Thai Government’s search efforts.
“Our team of specialists are supporting the Royal Thai Navy to get much needed food and first aid to the group, and plan for their safe evacuation from the cave,” she said in a joint statement with Home Affairs Minister Peter Dutton and Defence Minister Marise Payne.
The trapped group will be supplied with four months’ worth of food and get diving training, the military said.
Much-needed food and medical supplies — including high-calorie gels and paracetamol — reached them on Tuesday.
“[We will] prepare to send additional food to be sustained for at least four months and train all 13 to dive while continuing to drain the water,” Navy Captain Anand Surawan said, according to a statement from Thailand’s Armed Forces.
There are also reports that officials will be installing phone cables in the cave so that the kids can communicate with their parents.
Medics have managed to reach and assess the group.
“We categorised their health condition as red, yellow or green, red being the most severe injuries, yellow being mild and green being light. Yesterday, unofficially, we assessed that most are in the green category,” said Chiang Rai governor Narongsak Osottanakorn.
Medical teams will continue to monitor the boys’ health while they are trapped inside the cave network.
Narongsak said rescue workers would now focus on the “rescue” phase and now have to decide how best to get the group out in their weakened condition.
These are our highly trained specialist officers entering the #ThamLuang caves yesterday - in search for the missing soccer team. We are happy and proud to be one part of such an incredible international effort. #ThailandCaveSearch #teameffort #allinthistogether pic.twitter.com/GpWM8M8LCU — AFP (@AusFedPolice) July 3, 2018
The team consists of six Australian Federal Police divers from the Specialist Response Group with experience in cave diving. Defence force, AFP and DFAT liaison and co-ordination specialists are also assisting the rescue efforts.
“We acknowledge the Government of Thailand’s strong leadership throughout this search and rescue operation,” Ms Bishop said.
AFP Commissioner Andew Colvin wrote on Twitter this morning that the job is not yet done.
“This is such incredible news! Some positivity to start the day. Well done to all rescue workers, but the task is not over yet. Getting these boys out quickly is still a huge challenge. Good luck to all involved, as I know they won’t be resting just yet.”
Awesome result. Congrats on the outstanding international rescue effort finding 12 young men and their soccer coach alive and well in #ThamLuang cave in Thailand. @AusFedPolice @dfat #YourADF pic.twitter.com/T48EfrYepM — AFP (@AusFedPolice) July 2, 2018
LOST BOYS’ FIRST WORDS AS FOUND ALIVE
In a brief video filmed by a diver, which was posted on the Thai Navy Seal Facebook page, the boys and their coach spoke to rescuers for the first time.
“Tell him we are hungry,” one boy says in Thai. “I haven’t had anything to eat.” They ask what day it is, and the diver tells it is Monday.
“You have been here 10 days,” he says. “You are very strong.”
Later, one of the group says that he is very happy to see the divers arrive.
“We are happy, too,” the diver says.
“Thank you so much,” one boy says. “Thank you so much.” The British divers tell the group the rescue may take some time. “There’s only two of us, you have to dive.”
Reassuringly he tells them: “We’re coming, it’s OK. Many people are coming, we are the first.”
The rescuers who first reached the boys include Rick Stanton, a firefighter who is regarded as one of Britain’s foremost cave divers, with more than 35 years experience, and John Volanthen, who has helped pioneer new equipment that allows cave divers to stay underwater for longer and at greater depths.
Rescue divers had spent much of Monday making preparations for a final push to locate the lost soccer players, aged 11 to 16, and their 25-year-old coach. They disappeared when flooding trapped them after entering the Tham Luang Nang Non cave in Chiang Rai on June 23.
Narongsak said the divers located the missing about 300-400 metres past a section of the cave that was on higher ground and was thought to be where the team members and their coach may have taken shelter.
WHY BOYS COULD BE TRAPPED FOR MONTHS
Rescuers said they may have to wait for the water level to subside, which could take months, or teach the boys how to dive before the can be extracted.
The British Cave Rescue Council, which has been involved in the rescue operation, released a statement estimating the boys and their teacher were about 2km into the cave and “between 800m and 1km below the surface”.
It said their location makes any potential drilling rescue attempt “very difficult”.
“We believe that there is only a short break in the monsoon and all feasible options for the rescue of the boys are being considered. Although water levels have dropped, the diving conditions remain difficult and any attempt to dive the boys and their coach out will not be taken lightly because there are significant technical challenges and risks to consider,” the statement read.
Chiang Rai provincial Governor Narongsak Osatanakorn said the group was in the process of being rescued, but he cautioned that they were not out of danger yet.
“We found them safe. But the operation isn’t over,” he said in comments broadcast nationwide, referring to the complicated process of extricating them.
A leading American cave rescue expert says many challenges are ahead for the rescue divers.
Anmar Mirza, the US National Cave Rescue Commission co-ordinator, says the primary decision is now one of whether to try to evacuate them or to supply them in place.
He says, “supplying them on site may face challenges depending on how difficult the dives are. Trying to take non-divers through a cave is one of the most dangerous situations possible, even if the dives are relatively easy.”
“If the dives are difficult then supply will be difficult, but the risk of trying to dive them out is also exponentially greater.”
RELATIVES REJOICE AS TOUGH TIMES AHEAD
In the meantime, family members of the missing hugged each other as they heard the news the boys had been found alive.
Aisha Wiboonrungrueng, the mother of one of the boys, 11-year-old Chanin Wiboonrungrueng, smiled and hugged her family. She said she would cook her son a Thai fried omelet, his favourite food, when he returns home.
“When the medics have evaluated the kids to see if their health is in good condition, we will care for them until they have enough strength to move by themselves, and then we will evaluate the situation on bringing them out again later,” Narongsak said.
Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-ocha thanked the international experts and rescuers who helped locate the missing for their “tremendous efforts”.
“The Royal Thai Government and the Thai people are grateful for this support and co-operation, and we all wish the team a safe and speedy recovery,” Mr Prayuth’s office said in a statement.
HOW THE RESCUE MISSION UNFOLDED
Thai navy SEAL divers and rescue workers from other countries had made initial progress through a narrow passageway early on Monday after passing through a key chamber on Sunday whose high, murky waters had previously blocked their progress.
Gov. Narongsak had said earlier that the passageway goes upward in some places and downward in others and is extremely narrow, making it difficult for divers and their gear to fit through.
Divers have been stymied repeatedly by rising water that forced them to withdraw for safety reasons. When water levels fell on Sunday, the divers went forward with a more methodical approach, deploying a rope line and extra oxygen supplies along the way.
The SEALs’ Facebook page said that since Sunday night, the divers had reached a bend where the kilometre-long passage splits in two directions. The divers were aiming for a sandy chamber on higher ground in the cave.
Gov. Narongsak explained early on Monday that fixing rope lines and deploying oxygen tanks along their route will allow the divers to operate.
In addition to the divers, teams have been working to pump out water as well as divert groundwater. Other efforts have focused on finding shafts on the mountainside that might serve as a back door to the blocked-off areas. Teams have been combing the mountainside looking for fissure that might lead to such shafts. Several have been found and explorers have been able to descend into some.
“These are challenging conditions and there’s a lot of consideration for safety as well as, the environment outside is contributing to the environment inside,” said US air force Captain Jessica Tait, part of a 30-member US military team assisting in the search operation, referring to the rain that has been flooding the cave. “So I’d say, yeah, it’s an accurate statement that it’s challenging.”
