Meski dianggap sebagai "orang Kanada paling hebat", Penfield sebenarnya lahir di Spokane, Washington, Amerika Serikat. Ia tumbuh besar di Hudson, Wisconsin, sebelum akhirnya mengenyam pendidikan di Princeton dan mendapatkan beasiswa kuliah di Merton College, Oxford, pada 1915 untuk belajar neuropatologi.
Usai menyelesaikan gelar kedokterannya, ia kemudian menjadi ahli bedah saraf Montreal dan mendirikan Institut Neurologis Montreal pada 1934. Di tahun inilah ia resmi menjadi warga negara Kanada.
Pensiun pada 1960, ahli bedah saraf terampil ini mengabdikan tahun-tahun terakhir hidupnya untuk memberikan dukungan terhadap pendidikan di universitas dan kepentingan publik lainnya.
Namun diakibatkan kanker perut yang dideritanya, Penfield pun menghembuskan nafas terakhirnya pada 5 April 1976 di Rumag Sakit Royal Victoria di Montreal pada usia 85 tahun.
Guna mengenang jasanya di bidang kesehatan dan merayakan ulang tahunnya yang ke-127, Google pun menghadirkan sosok luar biasa ini ke dalam bentuk Google Doodle di hari ini.
VIVA – Situs mesin pencarian Google pada Jumat hari ini, 26 Januari 2018 menampilkan Doodle Wilder Penfield yang merayakan hari lahirnya ke-127 tahun. Penfield merupakan seorang ahli bedah dan peneliti otak terkenal yang membawa kemajuan menakjubkan dalam teknik memetakan dan operasi otak untuk mengobati epilepsi. Penfield meyakini bahwa mempelajari obat adalah cara terbaik untuk membuat dunia menjadi tempat yang lebih baik. Ia menjadi ahli bedah saraf pertama di Montreal dan mendirikan Montreal Neurological Institute pada 1934.
Tak hanya itu, Penfield dikenal brilian karena mengembangkan sebuah perawatan bernama Montreal Procedure (Prosedur Montreal) bersama dengan rekannya, Herbert Jasper, pada 1950. Montreal Procedure adalah perawatan bagi pasien yang memiliki kondisi kejang otak, dengan cara menghancurkan sel saraf bermasah dengan menariknya menggunakan alat beraliran listrik dengan kondisi pasien masih tersadar. Eksperimen Penfield semakin terkenal, di mana dirinya berhasil memetakan korteks sensorik dan motorik otak. Ia juga mendapati kalau bagian fisik otak dapat distimulasi untuk membangkitkan kenangan, seperti mengingat bau roti bakar. Berkat temuannya ini Kanada dianggap sebagai salah satu negara paling maju di dunia usai Perang Dunia II dalam bidang ilmu saraf serta perawatan kesehatan, khususnya bagi mereka yang menderita epilepsi. Penfield lahir Spokane, Washington, Amerika Serikat, namun meninggal dunia di Montreal, Quebec, Kanada, pada 5 April 1976 tempat di mana ia mendirikan Montreal Neurological Institute. (mus)
Celebrated neuroscientist Wilder Penfield (1891-1976) is the subject of today's animated Google Doodle on what would have been the 127th anniversary of his birth.
A brilliant man once hailed as "the greatest living Canadian", Penfield is known for developing the Montreal Procedure along with colleague Herbert Jasper in 1950, a treatment for cerebral seizures that destroys troublesome nerve cells by zapping them with electrical probes while the patient is still awake.
More famously, Penfield's experiments with charged stimulation led to his being able to map the brain's sensory and motor cortices and discovering in the process that physical parts of the brain could be teased into evoking memories, like recalling the unmistakeable odour of burnt toast.
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This finding enabled Canada to lead the post-war world in neuroscience and healthcare and offer better lives to those suffering with epilepsy. His work also advanced our understanding of such phenomena as hallucinations, illusions and deja vu.
Penfield was actually born in Spokane, Washington, in the US, however. He grew up in Hudson, Wisconsin, before studying at Princeton and earning a Rhodes scholarship to Merton College, Oxford, in 1915. Interrupting his neuropathology studies almost immediately to serve in a French military hospital during the First World War, he was wounded the following year when the SS Sussex was torpedoed.
Returning to Oxford, Penfield married his sweetheart Helen Kermott and returned to the US to study at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, before spells in Boston, New York City and Germany.
Wilder Penfield playing American football at Princeton in 1913 (Rex/ Shutterstock )
From the mid-1920s, Penfield spent his days at the Neurological Institute of New York working on a cure for epilepsy. However, when academic politics saw Rockefeller-funding for a new research institute blocked in 1928, Penfield relocated to Quebec, teaching at the prestigious McGill University and Royal Victoria Hospital before serving as Director of the former's new Montreal Neurological Institute. He became a Canadian citizen in 1934 and went on to achieve the breakthroughs for which he is best known.
The recipient of innumerable honours, Penfield was immortalised by the great science fiction writer Philip K Dick's novel Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? (1968), the basis for Ridley Scott's film Blade Runner (1984). Dick used his name for the "Penfield Mood Organ", which allowed his characters to dial up any emotion they wish to feel on demand. His first name was adopted by another dystopian author, J.G. Ballard, for the protagonist of his late novel Super-Cannes (2000), one Wilder Penrose.
POS-KUPANG.COM - Setelah Virginia Woolf tampil di google doodle, Google lagi-lagi hadirkan sosok ternama dunia di laman utama pencariannya itu.
Kali ini, Google menampilkan gambar pria tua yang disampingnya tampak ilustrasi otak, mata, hidung dan selembar roti bakar.
Ternyata sosok tersebut adalah Wilder Graves Penfield.
Wilder Penfield merupakan seorang ahli bedah saraf paling hebat di Kanada.
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Penfield lahir di Spokane, Washington, Amerika Serikat pada 26 Januari 1891 dan menghabiskan sebagian hidupnya di Hudson, Wisconsin.
Dilansir dari beberapa sumber pada Jum'at (26/1/2018), Penfield dikenal sebagai sosok peneliti yang hebat dan ahli bedah yang sangat dikagumi.
Bersama dengan rekannya Herbert Jasper, Penfield menemukan prosedur Montreal.
Prosedur ini dilakukan kepada penderita epilepsi, di mana menghancurkan sel-sel saraf di otak yang bermasalah melalui pemberian kejutan listrik dengan probe listrik saat kondisi pasien masih tersadar.
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