Liputan6.com, Jakarta - Google Doodle hari ini hadirkan tampilan yang sungguh menggugah selera di laman utama pecarian perusahaan, Google.
Diawali 30 tahun lalu pada 1988 oleh fisikawan Larry Shaw, Pi Day selalu identik dirayakan dengan sepotong kue pai yang terlihat sangat lezat.
Lalu apa arti sebenarnya Pi Day atau Hari Pi, dan kenapa dirayakan pada hari ini? Pi Day merupakan hari perayaan untuk menghormati konstanta matematika, Pi--ditandai yang ditandai oleh huruf Yunani "π".
Dikutip dari laman Google Doodle , Rabu (14/3/2018), Angka tersebut mewakili rasio antara lingkar lingkaran (perimeter) dengan diameternya (jarak dari sisi ke sisi yang melewati pusat).
Tak hanya itu, konstanta Pi memiliki peranan penting dari bebagai bidang yang berhubungan dengan matematika.
Pi Day dirayakan tepat pada hari ini untuk menghormati tiga digit pertama dari konstanta tak terhingga tersebut, yaitu 3.14.
Jadi, 14 Maret ditulis sebagai 3.14 (Maret = 3 dan hari - 14). Maka dari itu, 14 Maret adalah Hari Pi!
The 2018 NASA Pi Day challenge features math problems used by several of the agency's missions, like the InSight Mars lander, Kepler space telescope and Juno spacecraft at Jupiter.
NASA is inviting the public to celebrate Pi Day (March 14) by sharing a series of cosmic calculations for kids and adults to solve.
The "Pi in the Sky" challenge was created by the Education Office of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California, and is now in its fifth year. The challenge will feature math problems to calculate for Martian earthquakes, helium rain on Jupiter and the rotation rate of the first interstellar visitor ever discovered, asteroid 'Oumuamua. The topics of last year's Pi Day challenge included craters with butterfly-shaped ejecta, or tossed material, and the total solar eclipse.
Pi is a number whose digits go on forever, but it's most popularly known by the first three: 3.14 (hence March 14). It is a mathematical constant often denoted by the symbol π. Pi comes in handy when determining the circumference or the surface area of a round celestial body. It also helps engineers and scientists program the precise orbits of satellites and spacecraft. such as the impressive pirouettes the Cassini spacecraft performed before its "death dive." [9 Surprising Facts About Pi]
Ota Lutz, a senior education specialist at JPL, believes everyone should attempt the Pi Day Challenge, even if they aren't familiar with these math tools. Students in grades 5 through 12 are especially invited to participate, and JPL offers resources for educators who want to use the math problems in their classrooms.
"All of the problems in the 'Pi in the Sky' challenge are real problems that JPL scientists and engineers solve using pi," Lutz said in a statement.
Solutions to the illustrated questions will be posted on March 15, according to NASA. Pi Daychallenge problems from previous years can be found on the website, too.
Follow Doris Elin Salazar on Twitter @salazar_elin. Follow us @Spacedotcom, Facebook and Google+. Original article on Space.com.
ADA yang menarik dari doodle yang disajikan Google, Rabu 4 Maret 2018 ini. Sajian kue yang dibentuk unik membentuk kata Google. Namun, mereka rupanya bukan mau mempersembahkan hidangan kuliner, tapi mencoba merayakan Pi Day alias Hari Pi yang mulai diperingati sejak 30 tahun silam.
Pi Day dirayakan setiap tahun setiap 14 Maret (3,14). Hari istimewa ini didedikasikan untuk konstanta matematika, pi. Pertama kali diakui 30 tahun lalu, tepatnya pada 1988 oleh fisikawan Larry Shaw. Para pengamat Pi Day sering merayakannya dengan sepotong kue favorit mereka untuk menghormati nama yang terdengar lezat.
Pi dicatat oleh huruf Yunani "π", pi mewakili rasio antara keliling lingkaran (perimeter) dengan diameternya (jarak dari sisi ke sisi yang melewati pusat). Ini merupakan elemen fundamental dari banyak bidang matematika dan geometri paling signifikan.
Meskipun matematikawan modern telah menghitung lebih dari satu tempat desimal triliun di luar standar "3,14," pi adalah bilangan irasional yang berlanjut sampai tak terhingga! Ini adalah unsur penting dalam formula untuk area lingkaran, A = πr².
Gambar doodle yang sedap hari ini dipanggang dan dibuat oleh koki pastry pemenang penghargaan dan pencipta cronut, Dominique Ansel. Ia sengaja memberi penghormatan kepada konstanta matematika yang menyeluruh ini dengan mewakili formula pi (lingkar dibagi dengan diameter) menggunakan pie alias kue pai!
Kembali konstanta pi, dari mana sebenarnya angka itu tercipta?
Seperti diulas exploratorium.edu, pi sebenarnya telah dikenal hampir 4.000 tahun silam. Orang-orang Babilonia kuno menghitung luas lingkaran dengan mengambil 3 kali kuadrat radiusnya, yang memberi nilai pi = 3. Satu tablet Babilonia (sekitar 1900-1680 SM) menunjukkan nilai 3,125 untuk pi, yang merupakan pendekatan yang lebih dekat.
The Rhind Papyrus (sekitar tahun 1500 SM) memberi kita wawasan tentang matematika Mesir kuno. Orang-orang Mesir menghitung luas lingkaran dengan formula yang memberi nilai perkiraan 3,1605 untuk pi.
Perhitungan pertama pi dilakukan oleh Archimedes dari Syracusa (287-212 SM), salah seorang matematikawan terbesar di dunia kuno. Archimedes mendekati area lingkaran dengan menggunakan Teorema Pythagoras untuk menemukan area dua poligon biasa: poligon yang tertulis di dalam lingkaran dan poligon di dalamnya lingkaran itu dibatasi.
Karena luas lingkaran sebenarnya terletak di antara area poligon yang bertulis dan dibatasi, area poligon memberikan batas atas dan bawah untuk area lingkaran. Archimedes tahu bahwa dia tidak menemukan nilai pi tapi hanya perkiraan di dalam batas-batas itu. Dengan cara ini, Archimedes menunjukkan bahwa pi adalah antara 3 1/7 dan 3 10/71.
Pendekatan serupa digunakan oleh Zu Chongzhi (429-501), seorang ahli matematika dan astronom Tiongkok yang terkenal brilian. Zu Chongzhi tidak mengenal metode Archimedes, tapi karena buku aslinya raib, sedikit yang diketahui karyanya. Dia menghitung nilai rasio keliling lingkaran dengan diameter menjadi 355/113. Untuk menghitung keakuratan ini untuk pi, dia pasti sudah mulai dengan 24,576 gon bertulis biasa dan melakukan perhitungan panjang yang melibatkan ratusan akar kuadrat yang dilakukan di 9 tempat desimal.
Matematikawan mulai menggunakan huruf Yunani π di tahun 1700-an. Diperkenalkan oleh William Jones pada tahun 1706, penggunaan simbol tersebut kemudian dipopulerkan oleh Leonhard Euler, yang diadopsi pada tahun 1737.
Seorang matematikawan Prancis abad XVIII bernama Georges Buffon kemudian merancang cara untuk menghitung pi berdasarkan probabilitas.
Jika penjelasan di atas tentang sejarah pi dianggap terlalu rumit, mungkin kita bisa mencoba apa yang dilakukan Google. Mulailah kita bayangkan pi itu adalah kue pai yang sangat enak, lalu kita akan dapat menghitung kerumitan matematika dengan cara yang lezat.***
14 March is celebrated by some as the most exciting day in mathematics — when the date lines up in the numbers of the famous constant, Pi or π. But some people would rather it isn’t celebrated at all.
The day looks like 3.14 for those that write dates in the month then day format, but that is rarely used outside of the Americas. Many people instead opt to celebrate the potentially more interesting Pi approximation day, which takes place on 22 July or 22/7 — a way of working out an approximate value for Pi for use in rough calculations.
And still others would rather that Pi day was not celebrated at all, and say that the number should not be treated with such reverence. Instead, they say that we should use Tau — a number that serves much the same purpose and can be celebrated on 28 May, or 6/28 in America.
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The complaints about the date are relatively obvious. Most places around the world use a different system to the US, where Pi Day was born.
By far the most popular date format is day/month/year, as is used in the UK as well as much of Asia, Australia, Africa and South America. It is not possible to write Pi day using that format, but it is easy to write Pi approximation day.
In China and many other countries in south-east Asia, dates are written year/month/day. It is possible to do Pi day in that format since the day (14) does follow the month (3), but the year comes first and throws that off slightly.
But the complaints about the competitor to Pi Day, Tau Day, are much more aggressive — and campaigners for the change have made a website and a full manifesto, laying out exactly why the world is wrong.
That manifesto, written by Tau fan Michael Hartl, is dedicated to the “true circle constant”, which he says should be referred to by the Greek letter Tau.
The number itself is simply Pi, but doubled — 6.28318, and so on. That makes it easier to use in many applications, campaigners claim.
But those behind the Tau manifesto admit that they are facing a difficult challenge: “a powerful conspiracy, centuries old, determined to propagate pro-Pi propaganda”. But they hope that they can prove that Pi “is a confusing and unnatural choice for the circle constant”, they say, even if the name of the constant and its day doesn’t actually change.
To settle the argument, some people have taken to celebrating a specific “Tau time” on Pi day — 6.28pm. That is when, for instance, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology sends out its admissions decisions over the internet, which was a change made to welcome Tau into the celebrations.
This article was originally published in 2016
